central scotomas การใช้

• As expected, visual field testing in cone dystrophy usually reveals a central scotoma.
• Bitemporal hemianopia with or without central scotoma is present if the lesions have affected the body of the chiasm.
• This will produce an ipsilateral optic neuropathy, often manifested as a central scotoma, and a defect involving the contralateral superotemporal field.
• Papillitis can be differentiated from papilledema by an afferent pupillary defect ( Marcus Gunn pupil ), by its greater effect in decreasing visual acuity and color vision, and by the presence of a central scotoma.
• Luttrull & Hallisey ( 1999 ) describe a similar case, a 34-year-old male who stared into the beam of a class IIIa 5 mW red laser for 30 to 60 seconds, causing temporary central scotoma and visual field loss.
• Signs and symptoms of acute optic neuropathy include painless loss of vision which may affect either one or both eyes, reduced visual acuity, reduced color vision, relative afferent pupillary defect, central scotoma, swollen optic disc, macular edema, or retrobulbar pain.